mathlib documentation

group_theory.sylow

Sylow theorems #

The Sylow theorems are the following results for every finite group G and every prime number p.

Main definitions #

Main statements #

structure sylow (p : ℕ) (G : Type u_1) [group G] :
Type u_1

A Sylow p-subgroup is a maximal p-subgroup.

Instances for sylow
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.subgroup.has_coe {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] :
Equations
@[simp]
theorem sylow.to_subgroup_eq_coe {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P : sylow p G} :
@[ext]
theorem sylow.ext {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P Q : sylow p G} (h : ↑P = ↑Q) :
P = Q
theorem sylow.ext_iff {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P Q : sylow p G} :
P = Q ↔ ↑P = ↑Q
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.set_like {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] :
set_like (sylow p G) G
Equations
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.subgroup_class {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] :
Equations
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.mul_action_left {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {α : Type u_2} [mul_action G α] :

The action by a Sylow subgroup is the action by the underlying group.

Equations
def sylow.comap_of_ker_is_p_group {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {K : Type u_2} [group K] (ϕ : K →* G) (hϕ : is_p_group p ↥(ϕ.ker)) (h : ↑P ≤ ϕ.range) :
sylow p K

The preimage of a Sylow subgroup under a p-group-kernel homomorphism is a Sylow subgroup.

Equations
@[simp]
theorem sylow.coe_comap_of_ker_is_p_group {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {K : Type u_2} [group K] (ϕ : K →* G) (hϕ : is_p_group p ↥(ϕ.ker)) (h : ↑P ≤ ϕ.range) :
def sylow.comap_of_injective {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {K : Type u_2} [group K] (ϕ : K →* G) (hϕ : function.injective ⇑ϕ) (h : ↑P ≤ ϕ.range) :
sylow p K

The preimage of a Sylow subgroup under an injective homomorphism is a Sylow subgroup.

Equations
@[simp]
theorem sylow.coe_comap_of_injective {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {K : Type u_2} [group K] (ϕ : K →* G) (hϕ : function.injective ⇑ϕ) (h : ↑P ≤ ϕ.range) :
def sylow.subtype {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {N : subgroup G} (h : ↑P ≤ N) :

A sylow subgroup of G is also a sylow subgroup of a subgroup of G.

Equations
@[simp]
theorem sylow.coe_subtype {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) {N : subgroup G} (h : ↑P ≤ N) :
theorem is_p_group.exists_le_sylow {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P : subgroup G} (hP : is_p_group p ↥P) :
∃ (Q : sylow p G), P ≤ ↑Q

A generalization of Sylow's first theorem. Every p-subgroup is contained in a Sylow p-subgroup.

@[protected, instance]
def sylow.nonempty {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] :
@[protected, instance]
noncomputable def sylow.inhabited {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] :
Equations
theorem sylow.exists_comap_eq_of_ker_is_p_group {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {H : Type u_2} [group H] (P : sylow p H) {f : H →* G} (hf : is_p_group p ↥(f.ker)) :
∃ (Q : sylow p G), subgroup.comap f ↑Q = ↑P
theorem sylow.exists_comap_eq_of_injective {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {H : Type u_2} [group H] (P : sylow p H) {f : H →* G} (hf : function.injective ⇑f) :
∃ (Q : sylow p G), subgroup.comap f ↑Q = ↑P
theorem sylow.exists_comap_subtype_eq {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {H : subgroup G} (P : sylow p ↥H) :
∃ (Q : sylow p G), subgroup.comap H.subtype ↑Q = ↑P
noncomputable def sylow.fintype_of_ker_is_p_group {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {H : Type u_2} [group H] {f : H →* G} (hf : is_p_group p ↥(f.ker)) [fintype (sylow p G)] :

If the kernel of f : H →* G is a p-group, then fintype (sylow p G) implies fintype (sylow p H).

Equations
noncomputable def sylow.fintype_of_injective {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {H : Type u_2} [group H] {f : H →* G} (hf : function.injective ⇑f) [fintype (sylow p G)] :

If f : H →* G is injective, then fintype (sylow p G) implies fintype (sylow p H).

Equations
@[protected, instance]
noncomputable def sylow.fintype {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (H : subgroup G) [fintype (sylow p G)] :

If H is a subgroup of G, then fintype (sylow p G) implies fintype (sylow p H).

Equations
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.finite {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (H : subgroup G) [finite (sylow p G)] :

If H is a subgroup of G, then finite (sylow p G) implies finite (sylow p H).

@[protected, instance]
def sylow.pointwise_mul_action {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {α : Type u_2} [group α] [mul_distrib_mul_action α G] :
mul_action α (sylow p G)

subgroup.pointwise_mul_action preserves Sylow subgroups.

Equations
theorem sylow.pointwise_smul_def {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {α : Type u_2} [group α] [mul_distrib_mul_action α G] {g : α} {P : sylow p G} :
↑(g • P) = g • ↑P
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.mul_action {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] :
Equations
theorem sylow.smul_def {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {g : G} {P : sylow p G} :
theorem sylow.coe_subgroup_smul {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {g : G} {P : sylow p G} :
theorem sylow.coe_smul {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {g : G} {P : sylow p G} :
theorem sylow.smul_le {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P : sylow p G} {H : subgroup G} (hP : ↑P ≤ H) (h : ↥H) :
↑(h • P) ≤ H
theorem sylow.smul_subtype {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P : sylow p G} {H : subgroup G} (hP : ↑P ≤ H) (h : ↥H) :
h • P.subtype hP = (h • P).subtype _
theorem sylow.smul_eq_iff_mem_normalizer {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {g : G} {P : sylow p G} :
theorem sylow.smul_eq_of_normal {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {g : G} {P : sylow p G} [h : ↑P.normal] :
g • P = P
theorem subgroup.sylow_mem_fixed_points_iff {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (H : subgroup G) {P : sylow p G} :
theorem is_p_group.inf_normalizer_sylow {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P : subgroup G} (hP : is_p_group p ↥P) (Q : sylow p G) :
theorem is_p_group.sylow_mem_fixed_points_iff {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] {P : subgroup G} (hP : is_p_group p ↥P) {Q : sylow p G} :
@[protected, instance]
def sylow.mul_action.is_pretransitive {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] :

A generalization of Sylow's second theorem. If the number of Sylow p-subgroups is finite, then all Sylow p-subgroups are conjugate.

theorem card_sylow_modeq_one (p : ℕ) (G : Type u_1) [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] :

A generalization of Sylow's third theorem. If the number of Sylow p-subgroups is finite, then it is congruent to 1 modulo p.

theorem not_dvd_card_sylow (p : ℕ) (G : Type u_1) [group G] [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] :
def sylow.equiv_smul {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) (g : G) :
↥P ≃* ↥(g • P)

Sylow subgroups are isomorphic

Equations
noncomputable def sylow.equiv {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P Q : sylow p G) :

Sylow subgroups are isomorphic

Equations
@[simp]
theorem sylow.orbit_eq_top {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
theorem sylow.stabilizer_eq_normalizer {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] (P : sylow p G) :
noncomputable def sylow.equiv_quotient_normalizer {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :

Sylow p-subgroups are in bijection with cosets of the normalizer of a Sylow p-subgroup

Equations
@[protected, instance]
noncomputable def has_quotient.quotient.fintype {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
Equations
theorem card_sylow_eq_card_quotient_normalizer {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
theorem card_sylow_eq_index_normalizer {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
theorem card_sylow_dvd_index {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [fact (nat.prime p)] [fintype (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
theorem not_dvd_index_sylow' {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G) [↑P.normal] (hP : ↑P.index ≠ 0) :
theorem not_dvd_index_sylow {p : ℕ} {G : Type u_1} [group G] [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) (hP : ↑P.relindex ↑P.normalizer ≠ 0) :
theorem sylow.normalizer_sup_eq_top {G : Type u_1} [group G] {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] {N : subgroup G} [N.normal] [finite (sylow p ↥N)] (P : sylow p ↥N) :

Frattini's Argument: If N is a normal subgroup of G, and if P is a Sylow p-subgroup of N, then N_G(P) ⊔ N = G.

If H is a p-subgroup of G, then the index of H inside its normalizer is congruent mod p to the index of H.

theorem sylow.card_normalizer_modeq_card {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p n : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] {H : subgroup G} (hH : fintype.card ↥H = p ^ n) :

If H is a subgroup of G of cardinality p ^ n, then the cardinality of the normalizer of H is congruent mod p ^ (n + 1) to the cardinality of G.

theorem sylow.prime_dvd_card_quotient_normalizer {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p n : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (hdvd : p ^ (n + 1) ∣ fintype.card G) {H : subgroup G} (hH : fintype.card ↥H = p ^ n) :

If H is a p-subgroup but not a Sylow p-subgroup, then p divides the index of H inside its normalizer.

theorem sylow.prime_pow_dvd_card_normalizer {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p n : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (hdvd : p ^ (n + 1) ∣ fintype.card G) {H : subgroup G} (hH : fintype.card ↥H = p ^ n) :

If H is a p-subgroup but not a Sylow p-subgroup of cardinality p ^ n, then p ^ (n + 1) divides the cardinality of the normalizer of H.

theorem sylow.exists_subgroup_card_pow_succ {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p n : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (hdvd : p ^ (n + 1) ∣ fintype.card G) {H : subgroup G} (hH : fintype.card ↥H = p ^ n) :
∃ (K : subgroup G), fintype.card ↥K = p ^ (n + 1) ∧ H ≤ K

If H is a subgroup of G of cardinality p ^ n, then H is contained in a subgroup of cardinality p ^ (n + 1) if p ^ (n + 1) divides the cardinality of G

theorem sylow.exists_subgroup_card_pow_prime_le {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] (p : ℕ) {n m : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (hdvd : p ^ m ∣ fintype.card G) (H : subgroup G) (hH : fintype.card ↥H = p ^ n) (hnm : n ≤ m) :
∃ (K : subgroup G), fintype.card ↥K = p ^ m ∧ H ≤ K

If H is a subgroup of G of cardinality p ^ n, then H is contained in a subgroup of cardinality p ^ m if n ≤ m and p ^ m divides the cardinality of G

theorem sylow.exists_subgroup_card_pow_prime {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] (p : ℕ) {n : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] (hdvd : p ^ n ∣ fintype.card G) :
∃ (K : subgroup G), fintype.card ↥K = p ^ n

A generalisation of Sylow's first theorem. If p ^ n divides the cardinality of G, then there is a subgroup of cardinality p ^ n

theorem sylow.pow_dvd_card_of_pow_dvd_card {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p n : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G) (hdvd : p ^ n ∣ fintype.card G) :
theorem sylow.dvd_card_of_dvd_card {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G) (hdvd : p ∣ fintype.card G) :
theorem sylow.card_coprime_index {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G) :

Sylow subgroups are Hall subgroups.

theorem sylow.ne_bot_of_dvd_card {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G) (hdvd : p ∣ fintype.card G) :
theorem sylow.card_eq_multiplicity {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] {p : ℕ} [hp : fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G) :

The cardinality of a Sylow group is p ^ n where n is the multiplicity of p in the group order.

theorem sylow.subsingleton_of_normal {G : Type u} [group G] {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) (h : ↑P.normal) :
theorem sylow.characteristic_of_normal {G : Type u} [group G] {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) (h : ↑P.normal) :
theorem sylow.normal_of_normalizer_normal {G : Type u} [group G] {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) (hn : ↑P.normalizer.normal) :
@[simp]
theorem sylow.normalizer_normalizer {G : Type u} [group G] {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
theorem sylow.normal_of_all_max_subgroups_normal {G : Type u} [group G] [finite G] (hnc : ∀ (H : subgroup G), is_coatom H → H.normal) {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
theorem sylow.normal_of_normalizer_condition {G : Type u} [group G] (hnc : normalizer_condition G) {p : ℕ} [fact (nat.prime p)] [finite (sylow p G)] (P : sylow p G) :
noncomputable def sylow.direct_product_of_normal {G : Type u} [group G] [fintype G] (hn : ∀ {p : ℕ} [_inst_3 : fact (nat.prime p)] (P : sylow p G), ↑P.normal) :
(Π (p : ↥((fintype.card G).factorization.support)) (P : sylow ↑p G), ↥↑P) ≃* G

If all its sylow groups are normal, then a finite group is isomorphic to the direct product of these sylow groups.

Equations