Index
R
rapid prototyping,
disadvantages in knowledge acquisition; Hofmann(153)-168
Rational Actor Model,
See Also argumentation;
decision making representation in NoteCards; Marshall(103)-256
modeling in NoteCards; Marshall(103)-256
policy decision making with, using NoteCards; Marshall(103)-256
RCS (Revision Control System),
See Also systems issues; version control;
formalization of, as hypertext version control model; Garg(110)-385
readers,
See Also authoring; rhetoric; semantic(s); user interface;
as authors, fundamental to Guide's design; Brown(88)-37
as factory worker; Bernstein(305)-242
as farmer; Bernstein(305)-242
as hypertext co-authors, social impact of; Moulthrop(188)-292
as maker of meaning; Michalak(238)-174
as miner; Bernstein(305)-242
as professional colleague; Michalak(238)-174
as receiver of information; Michalak(238)-174
casual, static hypertexts appropriate for; Bernstein(28)-244
cognitive strategies of inexperienced, ECHT'90 paper; Rouet(160)-250
copyright law model of; Samuelson(170)-39
dialogue with author, analysis of; Michalak(238)-174
DIF documents, able to create their own index terms; Garg(112)-415
Guided Tours and On-Line Presentations affect on; Marshall(114)-15
hypertext, analysis of structure discovery activities; Rosenberg(3)-22
incoherent hyperdocument problems of; Thuring(179)-163
industrial hypertext requirements, users must be enabled as authors as well as; Malcolm(168)-19
potential value for user model; Gloor(175)-115
read wear concept, Juggler use of; Dieberger(17)-176
reader-response criticism; Michalak(238)-174
strategies, discourse cue role; Charney(94)-109
Xanadu model,
analysis of; Samuelson(170)-39
characteristics and critique; Samuelson(170)-47
reading,
arguments, hypertext representation of in EUCLID; Smolensky(101)-219
crucial differences between hypertext and print; Moulthrop(188)-292
environment integration with authoring environment, importance for design tasks; Kaindl(192)-350
hypertext, importance of link descriptions for; Landow(56)-331
impact of hypertext reader control on the structure and meaning of information; Moulthrop(188)-292
structured hypertext, importance of explicit structural relationships for comprehension; Frisse(91)-60
real-world domain,
Aquanet use formodeling interrelationships in; Marshall(186)-262
realizeEdits operation,
Dexter definition; Halasz(299)-36, Halasz(299)-38
realtime,
See Also dynamic; HyperCafe; interaction;
activities, capturing in dynamic hypertext, design considerations for; Bieber(182)-204
communication, MOO environment use for; Dieberger(17)-171
generating hypertext networks in; Bieber(182)-203
hypertextual dynamics; Kendall(8)-74
MAX real-time hypertext-DSS system,
dynamic hypertext interface to non-hypertext systems, (HT'91 paper); Bieber(182)-203
U.S. Coast Guard use; Bieber(182)-204
network construction, supported by gIBIS; Conklin(102)-249
system identification, frame-based hypertext use for; Kaindl(192)-351
task scheduling capability, importance for handling video streams; Hirata(2)-12
video and audio, ABC component; Shackelford(224)-1
reasoned discourse,
EUCLID as a hypertext system that integrates logical structure with the text that represents the argument; Smolensky(101)-219
reasoning,
set-based hypermedia for; Parunak(184)-233
type relationships use for guiding; Nanard(191)-333
recall,
See Also information, retrieval;
full-text retrieval in a litigation support situation, poor results for; Egan(189)-300
full-text search problems with; Oren(105)-298
in hyperindex information retrieval; Bruza(149)-118
reconstruction,
volatile hypertexts characterized by; Bernstein(28)-243
records,
Document Examiner, term used to describe nodes; Walker(106)-308
recovery,
of data, support required for hyperbases; Wiil(225)-14
recurrance,
literary theory; Michalak(238)-174
semantic role in spatial hypertext; Marshall(242)-217
recursion,
as ACE proposed extension; Hara(173)-87
clustering by intersection of nodes use of; Botafogo(172)-68
electronic writing as; Moulthrop(188)-291
nested context model use in context nodes; Casanova(181)-194
reference(s),
See Also anchors; links;
automating the handling of references in NoteCards; Trigg(93)-100
to composites by anchors, permitted by HyTime standard; Buford(11)-108
document, managing in NoteCards; Trigg(93)-98
documents, link template requirements in an industrial hypermedia environment; Malcolm(168)-21
links,
limitations in recovering meaning and purpose in rhetorical structure; Nanard(191)-331
weaknesses for expressing logical hypertext structure; Nanard(191)-330
locality of,
compared with semantic locality; Nuernberg(19)-197
hypermedia operating system implications; Nuernberg(19)-196
manuals, as artifact component; Smith(180)-179
models,
See Amsterdam Hypermedia Model (AHM);
See Dexter hypertext reference model;
See Extended Dexter model;
See Flag taxonomy;
See HAM (Hypertext Abstract Machine);
See models;
See Trellis;
nodes, term definition and characteristics; Botafogo(172)-64
restrictions, managing in a hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-196
specifiers (RefSpecs) in Extended Dexter model, characteristics and attributes; Gronbaek(15)-152
refs-to-me,
accessing inward links in a frame-based hypertext; Kaindl(192)-350
refSpecs,
Dexter model problems resolved by; Gronbaek(15)-157
third-party application documents support by; Gronbaek(15)-158
regions,
term definition, in mathematics of formal hypertext model; Afrati(145)-57
regular expressions,
Kiosk use for full-text pattern matching; Creech(169)-34
relational,
algebra,
ACE clustering method use of; Hara(173)-81
use in set-oriented hypertext representation; Hara(173)-77
links, knowledge representation tradeoffs between hierarchical structures and; Marshall(103)-263
markup; Landow(56)-333
modeling, link design use of techniques for; Hara(173)-77
thinking, effect of link choices on; Landow(56)-333
relational databases (RDBMS),
HOSS use of; Nuernberg(19)-199
Ingres, used by DIF; Garg(112)-415
managing IBIS networks with; Conklin(102)-247
Sybase, used by HyperBase (GMD-IPSI); Schutt(148)-95
relationships,
See Also rhetoric; semantic(s); structure(s);
actemes,
relationships as non-directional actemes; Rosenberg(3)-23
to Aquanet; Rosenberg(3)-22
to hypertext structure; Rosenberg(3)-22
to rhetoric of arrival and departure; Rosenberg(3)-25
among ideas, value of hypertext; Oren(105)-299
among information nodes, set-based hypermedia as an alternative to links; Parunak(184)-233
among video clips based on absence, movement, and proximity, in HyperCafe; Sawhney(1)-6
among views, displaying with fisheye views; Noik(240)-192
Aquanet, characteristics; Marshall(186)-265
as content, in hypertext writing; Bernstein(28)-245
between parts of a linear documents, limited to lexical level; Nanard(191)-331
complex conceptual, Intermedia value in managing; Ess(187)-283
conceptual, representing by link and node typing; Nanard(191)-330
as conjunctive substructuring; Rosenberg(3)-23
constraint techniques, hypertext link design use of; Hara(173)-77
detecting in historical and literary documents, link apprentice use for; Bernstein(28)-251
elicited, knowledge defined as; Nanard(191)-330
encoding; Landow(56)-333
how different from attributes; Garg(110)-377
HyperCafe to,
'afternoon'; Sawhney(1)-5
'Agent Stories'; Sawhney(1)-2
Amsterdam Hypermedia Model (AHM); Sawhney(1)-5
Collage notepad; Sawhney(1)-4
CyberBELT; Sawhney(1)-2
'Elastic Charles'; Sawhney(1)-2
Firefly; Sawhney(1)-2
Hyperspeech; Sawhney(1)-2
Interactive Kon-Tiki Museum; Sawhney(1)-2
Scripted Documents; Sawhney(1)-5
Storyspace; Sawhney(1)-1
Synthesis; Sawhney(1)-2
VideoBook; Sawhney(1)-2
hypermedia, semantics of; Nuernberg(19)-195
hypertext as way to think about; Smith(180)-179
as hypertext structure model; Rosenberg(3)-22
HyTime,
to Amsterdam Hypermedia Model (AHM); Buford(11)-109
to SGML; Buford(11)-105
link labels treated as; Collier(104)-275
links as; Schwabe(12)-121
modeling the semantics of; Landow(56)-331
types as description of; Allan(5)-42
links as a vehicle for expressing; Landow(56)-334
links as representations of; Kaindl(192)-346
literary, Intermedia use of graphic directories to display; Landow(56)-335
literary traditions, to visual characteristics of hypertext; Tolva(7)-66
map of text, document structure analysis with; Salton(6)-53
multi-sequential, value for scholarship; Bernstein(28)-256
node, importance of a rich language for expressing in knowledge structuring tasks; Marshall(186)-262
nodes, altering in response to user preferences and actions; Stotts(183)-220
pragmatic, in TOPIC/TOPOGRAPHIC; Hammwohner(97)-168
predicates as relations in an abstract hypertext model; Garg(110)-377
represented by nodes in Thoth-II; Collier(104)-275
rhetoric to activities; Rosenberg(3)-22
semantic,
in TOPIC/TOPOGRAPHIC; Hammwohner(97)-163
representing with an object-oriented knowledge representation model in MacWeb; Nanard(228)-51
spatial,
as relational substructuring; Rosenberg(3)-23
value for scholarship; Bernstein(28)-256
structures, HyTime representation of; Buford(11)-111
time, manipulating at a high level rather than as timings; Sawhney(1)-2
visualization techniques; Allan(5)-42
relativistic thinking,
goal of higher education; Beeman(92)-67
relevance,
feedback,
graphically-oriented query-based browsing systems; Charoenkitkarn(241)-206
media-based navigation using, in Miyabi; Hirata(237)-159
using to aid in search relevance; Oren(105)-298
full-text search problems with; Oren(105)-298
graphs, in mathematics of formal hypertext model; Afrati(145)-62
links,
assumed by users; Landow(56)-332
design rules that highlight; Landow(56)-334
repertory hypergrids,
ECHT '94 paper; Madigan(254)-117
repetition,
See Also actemes; dyanmic; GEB; rhetoric; structure(s);
as music as analogy for backtracking in hypertext; Rosenberg(3)-24
as usability aid in hypermedia systems; Garzotto(10)-94
replacement,
out-of-line, Guide facilities for; Brown(88)-37
replication,
fault tolerance use of, graph-based data model approaches to; Shackelford(224)-1
representation,
See Also artificial intelligence (AI); ASK systems;
abstractions, integration with content, in MacWeb; Nanard(191)-334
ambiguity, with time-varying content; Kendall(8)-78
Amsterdam Hypertext Model notion of context, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-156
Amsterdam Hypertext Model notion of time, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-156
argumentation, ARL; Smolensky(101)-218
association, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
audio tracks, in HyTime; Buford(11)-111
of behavior, in a hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-198
category specialization, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
cognitive, users forced to build when index terms do not contain context; Boy(171)-54
color tables, in HyTime; Buford(11)-111
common to different knowledge structuring tasks, characteristics and support in Aquanet; Marshall(186)-272
completeness, as evaluation dimension for HyTime; Buford(11)-107
composites,
abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-154
link traversal, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-156
computed links, locSpec use for; Gronbaek(15)-157
conflicting, deleterious effect on hypertext use in large industrial environments; Malcolm(168)-17
content, document structure analysis; Salton(6)-53
conversation, in HyperCafe; Sawhney(1)-7
dynamic links, in Extended Dexter; Gronbaek(15)-150
of emotions in 'A Life Set for Two'; Kendall(8)-75
exploring issues with, NoteCards use for; Marshall(103)-253
external, importance for synthesis writing tasks; Neuwirth(137)-321
generic links, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-150, Gronbaek(15)-154
global states potentials for; Kendall(8)-76
GuidedTours, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-155
hypermedia structures, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-155
hypertext and structured object, Hypertext'91 paper; Kaindl(192)-345
hypertext structure, SGML use in HieNet; Wiil(225)-145
Intermedia warm links, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-156
KMS frames, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-155
knowledge,
Agent Stories use for creating multi-threaded story structures; Sawhney(1)-2
and learning processes in the Design of Educational Hypermedia; De Vries(60)-1
belief networks, in the Dynamic Medical Handbook project; Frisse(128)-204
hypertext abstraction mechanisms; Garg(110)-375
in an intelligent software hypertext system; Garg(112)-409
in hypermedia systems; Cleary(4)-31
in Thoth-II; Collier(104)-277
semantic parsing of text units using; Hammwohner(97)-155
structure types use with an object-oriented hypertext system for; Nanard(191)-329
writing as activity involving; Streitz(138)-343
links, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
local links, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-154
logical structure of an argument; Marshall(103)-253
media, information retrieval based on semantics of; Hirata(2)-11
mental,
importance for reader understanding; Thuring(179)-161
virtual environments; Dieberger(17)-172
models, cinematic form, HyperCafe use; Sawhney(1)-7
new forms of, issues raised by HyperCafe; Sawhney(1)-7
nodes, term definition in nested context model; Casanova(181)-196
nodes, links that behave like, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
NoteCards Filebox, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-155
object roles, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
OED, hypertext an improvement over paper; Raymond(96)-146
of applications, design primitives for; Garzotto(190)-313
of points of view, global states potential for; Kendall(8)-76
role specialization and transformation, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
scope of, as evaluation dimension for HyTime; Buford(11)-107
semantic patterns, IDE use for; Jordan(119)-93
separation of contents and structure, Flag taxonomy; Osterbye(13)-130
sets, abstract data model; Bapat(20)-207
specific links, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-154
structure,
alternate methods, Linkplot view as; Bernstein(28)-247
predictable, advantages of a design model for creating; Garzotto(190)-315
structured object, hypertext and; Kaindl(192)-345
synchronization, HyTime; Buford(11)-109
syntactic and semantic, OED issues; Raymond(96)-143
TableTops, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-155
of themes in 'A Life Set for Two'; Kendall(8)-76
time,
HyTime; Buford(11)-109
HyTime, evaluation of; Buford(11)-105
in a 3D environment; Sawhney(1)-9
structure, HyTime; Buford(11)-109
URLs, in Extended Dexter; Gronbaek(15)-150, Gronbaek(15)-154
video sequences, in HyTime; Buford(11)-111
visual, for knowledge structures; Travers(124)-147
Xanadu transclusion, in Extended Dexter model; Gronbaek(15)-156
requirements,
See Also criteria; evaluation; standards;
3D hypervideo authoring; Sawhney(1)-9
access control, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
applications collaboration, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
behavior semantics, for extending to specific applications; Bapat(20)-207
client/server distribution, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
concurrency control, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
for constraints, in order to maintain the invariants in Dexter; Halasz(299)-35
crash recovery, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
data models, application-specific; Bapat(20)-205
data space, of behavior processes; Nuernberg(19)-195
Dexter conformance; Halasz(299)-38
dynamic loading, of hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-199
event handling, of hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-199
extensibility, of hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-199
hypertext document quality; Brown(141)-1
for HyTime standard validation; Buford(11)-105
for Industrial Strength Hypermedia; Malcolm(168)-13
IPC, of hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-199
multimedia data types, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
path authoring tools; Zellweger(54)-1
persistent storage, application-specific; Bapat(20)-205
process models, of hypermedia operating system; Nuernberg(19)-199
for programmable behavior, in Web pages; Loke(23)-235
query and search, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
reuse, application-specific; Bapat(20)-205
semantics, application-specific; Bapat(20)-205
structure semantics, for extending to specific applications; Bapat(20)-207
support, for hypermedia applications development; Bapat(20)-203
for tool integration, open hypermedia systems; Wiil(14)-140
version control, application-specific; Bapat(20)-206
video stream handling system capabilities; Hirata(2)-12
for writing support hypertext systems; Trigg(93)-105
research,
See Also applications;
academic, Perseus project; Crane(90)-51
biological; Schnase(127)-181
characteristics of the researcher's mind set; Brown(88)-38
classics, Perseus project; Crane(90)-51
collaboration, distributed hypertext for; Shipman, III(122)-129
humanities,
Perseus project; Crane(90)-51
socio and philosophical hypermedia design principles; Moulthrop(133)-259
literature, effectiveness comparison of printed, hypertext, and full-text retrieval for information access; Egan(189)-299
process, tools that support; Neuwirth(95)-121
relationship between research and products; Brown(88)-38
scholarly,
hypertext structure needs; DeRose(132)-249
Perseus project; Crane(90)-51
sciences, biological modeling, computational hypertext use for; Schnase(127)-181
set-based hypermedia applications in; Parunak(184)-235
support tools,
NoteCards; Trigg(93)-89
Notes as a support tool for; Neuwirth(95)-121
Research Software for IBM PC,
bibliographic reference; Oren(105)-291
resolver function (Dexter ),
constraints; Halasz(299)-35
definition; Halasz(299)-32
resource allocation,
See Also systems issues;
in a distributed system, clusters use for; Weiss(18)-181
hypermedia operating systems; Nuernberg(19)-195
reuse,
See Also object-orientation; open hypermedia systems (OHS); systems issues; version control;
information,
facilitation by HyperStorM; Bapat(20)-203
search queries, Extended Dexter model facilities for representing; Gronbaek(15)-153
leveraged, term definition; Garzotto(10)-93
limitations, of current systems; Bapat(20)-206
requirements, application-specific; Bapat(20)-205
search queries, Extended Dexter model facilities for representing; Gronbaek(15)-153
software, in hypermedia applications; Garzotto(10)-93
taxonomy of methods; Garzotto(10)-93
VODAK object types and class definitions; Bapat(20)-208
rhetoric,
See Also architecture; semantic(s); structure(s);
in AAA; Schuler(151)-145
of arrival and departure,
actemes relationship to; Rosenberg(3)-25
encoding the meaning of links; Landow(56)-333
issues for; Landow(56)-333
as bridge between technology and meaning; Moulthrop(188)-292
attempts to imitate the virtues of linear writing; Moulthrop(188)-293
authoring problems; Thuring(179)-163
breaking new cognitive ground; Moulthrop(188)-293
coherence support by classical cues; Thuring(179)-164
comparing styles, advantages of a design model for; Garzotto(190)-315
current, compensation rather than innovation as the strategy of; Moulthrop(188)-294
destination, encoding the meaning of links; Landow(56)-334
discourse cues, role in comprehending non-linear documents; Charney(94)-109
effects, incorporation into hypertexts developed from scratch; Nanard(191)-331
hypertext,
backtracking issues relating to; Rosenberg(3)-22
critique of; Moulthrop(188)-291
relationship of hypertext activities to; Rosenberg(3)-22
hypervideo, HyperCafe contributions to; Sawhney(1)-1
importance of capturing structure as it emerges; Nanard(191)-331
incoherent hyperdocuments and how to avoid them; Thuring(179)-161
informating texts, ECHT'92 paper; Moulthrop(213)-171
lack of guidelines, as deterrent to hypertext authoring; Thuring(179)-163
links,
encoding meaning at the destination; Landow(56)-334
encoding meaning at the source; Landow(56)-335
need for; Landow(56)-331
links as conveyors of; Marshall(242)-217
nature and objectives of; Moulthrop(188)-291
non-lineal thinking, Intermedia as a tool for enhancing; Beeman(92)-67
printed text; Collier(104)-270
reader-author theories; Michalak(238)-174, Bernstein(305)-242
relationally encoded links, Hypertext'87 paper; Landow(56)-331
relations; Collier(104)-270
Rhetorical Structure Theory, foundation for specifying abstract navigation context; Schwabe(12)-127
rules for hypertext; Landow(56)-332
sequentially-oriented, hypertext problems with; Nanard(191)-331
strategies, to help teach non-lineal thinking; Beeman(92)-71
term definition; Moulthrop(188)-292, Moulthrop(188)-291
text analysis methods for recovering meaning and purpose in, limitations of; Nanard(191)-331
video linking, ECHT'94 paper; Liestol(46)-217
rhythm,
hypertext writing, link plot analysis of; Bernstein(28)-248
rights,
intellectual property, definition in terms of 'rights to do' in Xanadu; Samuelson(170)-43
permission, link and web management with, as an industrial hypermedia requirement; Malcolm(168)-21
Rittel, Horst,
developer of IBIS methods; Conklin(102)-248
RMCase,
IWHD '95 paper; Diaz(57)-3
RMM,
as hypermedia application design model; Gronbaek(15)-150
OOHDM relationship to; Schwabe(12)-126
road maps,
location problem solution; Oren(105)-296
robot,
See Also artificial intelligence (AI); cyborg;
robots,
implications for hypertext fiction; Moulthrop(133)-259
roles,
specialization,
abstract data model representation; Bapat(20)-207
multiple inheritance mechanism for composites; Bapat(20)-209
transformation of, abstract data model representation; Bapat(20)-207
Roman studies,
hypertext uses for; Crane(90)-51
Rosenberg, Jim,
changeable nodes, as variable node precursor; Kendall(8)-77
simultaneous closed narratives, HyperCafe implementation of along spatio-temporal dimensions; Sawhney(1)-5
royalties,
potential problems with; Jones, III, Esq.(109)-372
Xanadu system characteristics; Samuelson(170)-41
rubber sheet layouts,
characteristics; Kaltenbach(174)-92
Hypertext '91 paper; Kaltenbach(174)-91
screen management in hypertext systems with; Kaltenbach(174)-91
rule,
-based, annotation processing, in Knowledge Weasel; Lawton(233)-106
based facilities, VODAK enforcement mechanism; Bapat(20)-207
instantiators,
automated linking method; Cleary(4)-33
MacWeb as; Cleary(4)-33
See Also information, retrieval;
See Also object-orientation;
runtime,
See Also models; storage; system(s);
application, browsing semantics role in HDM; Garzotto(190)-315
behavior, pspec use to model; Gronbaek(15)-149
changing of application constraints; Bapat(20)-209
components, distinguishing from storage components, as function of Flag taxonomy; Osterbye(13)-129
dynamic extensibility characteristics; Wiil(14)-141
interface, viewer module and session manager module, linking protocol as; Osterbye(13)-130
layer,
Dexter, operation descriptions; Halasz(299)-36
Extended Dexter model, link traversal characteristics and attributes; Gronbaek(15)-155
Flag taxonomy difference; Osterbye(13)-130
viewer module (Flag) relationship to; Osterbye(13)-130
WWW browsers as; Osterbye(13)-131
layer (Dexter), DSS shell architecture with a dynamic hypertext interface mapping to; Bieber(182)-207
Ryan,
Michael P., bibliographic reference; Beeman(92)-67